Wilson Wilfred, interviewed by Erin Yaremko, 02 May 2016 (1 of 2)
Abstract
                           Wilfred begins the interview describing his career as a fisherman and boat builder in the
                           Steveston area. He talks about a Japanese-Canadian boat building family and what he remembers
                           of them and their experiences during the period of internment and dispossession. Wilfred describes the Japanese-Canadian community in the area after the war in the 1960s.
                           He tells a story about an incident where he unsuccessfully attempted to help a Japanese-Canadian
                           fisherman save his boat from being destroyed by the strong tides of the sea. Wilfred remembers his father’s friend, a Japanese Canadian who fought for Canada during the First World War and how he was not sent to an internment camp due to his
                           military service. Near the end of the interview Wilfred reflects on how his father felt about the internment and dispossession of Japanese
                           Canadians.
                        This oral history is from an interview conducted by the Oral History cluster of the
                           Landscapes of Injustice project.
                     00:00:00.000
                        		
                        
                     	
                     Erin Yaremko (EY)
                                 
                        		
                        I am Erin here for Landscapes of Injustice with Wilfred Wilson and you could tell
                              us anything that comes to mind of stories, anything recent especially. 
                              		
                        Wilfred Wilson (WW)
                                 
                        	00:05:00.000Okay, well my father, my family is a lot from the Ladner (?) side. My dad moved his
                              boat to Steveston here in 1960 and was there the rest of his career. When I started
                              my career I tied up at Atagis and that was in ’72 that I started on my own. I ran
                              a company boat the first year and bought my own boat in ’73, paid that off, built
                              my own in ’78, which I still have, the original engine still. It’s traveled the coast
                              from Alaska to the American border. I gillnet salmon and herring. I grew up at Pacific
                              Coast Camp but better known to the fishing community as the Atagis because they were
                              the boat builders in the area; three brothers: Harry, the elder Bill, the middle,
                              and Ken Atagis was the youngest. They were master boat builders. Any elder will tell
                              you that they were true craftsmanship. To be able to go into where they were building
                              boats was, for a youngster, was like walking back in time seeing all this edge of
                              grain, first growth cedar drying that they used for their boatbuilding. It was stored
                              there for quite a long period of time to dry out. It was all stacked along the walls
                              and that was one’s first impression when you walked into the building was to see all
                              this, row upon row of planks stacked there. They were building every year, building
                              every winter. They fished as well. Ken Atagi called his boat Celesta and that was
                              the internment camp that he spent time at and then he named his boat after which is
                              in the Shuswap area. I don’t know if his brothers were there or not as well. I would
                              assume they were during the war and then when they came back they started boat building.
                              Ken told me a story of his dad who was a master boat builder as well building a boat
                              for himself not using any corking for the planking for the hall. That is truly a remarkable
                              feat that somebody could do that. Ken stated his dad did it because he wanted to see
                              if he could do it. It was a self, what’s the word I’m looking for, it was a self-motivated
                              feat that he was striving to do. My uncle Wally bought one of their boats and he named
                              that the Delta Pride. It’s still in existence. A nephew of my uncle is the owner and
                              he’s just now put it into a dry dock and it looks like he’s going to rebuild it, it
                              appears. When Uncle Wally sold that boat that the Atagis built he built a fiberglass
                              boat, pardon me, and that would have been in 1970. Nope, pardon me, ’75. So when I
                              first bought my boat. No, I do have it wrong, 1972 I bought my own boat and my uncle’s
                              came up for sale at the same time and he wouldn’t sell it to me and he said there
                              was a bit of rot on one bulkhead and so he said he wouldn’t sell it to a family member
                              and he ended up selling it to Barry because Barry pleaded so to actually get it. There
                              was something wrong with that wood the fact that it rotted out so soon because that
                              was unheard of and that but for whatever reason but it’s still alive today. So that’s
                              now, what, going on a fifty year old boat, wood boat. To go back to going in. When
                              you walked into their boatyard there was a smell. 
                              		
                        00:05:00.000
                        		
                        
                     	
                     WW
                        	00:10:04.000The smell of cedar is truly something one remembers forever, that aroma of the yard
                              where they worked. It truly was like going back in time for a young kid to be able
                              to go into that environment and be accepted. The Japanese that I grew up with at Atagis
                              at Pacific Coast Camp were truly honorable men. They were, um, a unique generation
                              that I don’t know we see the same sense of community, the same sense of honesty amongst
                              all those people there was truly incredible. When I built my boat in ’78 it was late
                              in being delivered. I was putting some incredibly long hours in to try and get out
                              for that season. I went home one day and I realized I had left my wallet at the boat.
                              I went back. I left it on the deck and I get there and the wallet’s gone. I look inside
                              and somebody had picked it up and put it inside of this new boat I’m building and
                              closed the door and everything was there. That’s just the way that community was,
                              you know, to have that sense there. I also will mention, now, there was a general
                              store there called Hung Wo’s in that same vicinity. I believe he was of Chinese descent.
                              A very astute businessman. He had a general store that was in need, at the time. It
                              was a good business and for a kid to go into that because of the candy he had an all
                              around store. It was a treat to go in there. Dad and everybody would head there for
                              their afternoon coffee. In the heat of the year you go there for a pop and an ice
                              cream and whatever and that. All the fishermen sit and gather there. Hung Wo had a
                              property in the very center of what the Weston family, when they developed Steveston
                              Road from Two Road to One Road south of Moncton to the river Weston family owned all
                              that and developed it to its present state. Hung Wo owned a rather large part from
                              the middle there that he farmed and he kept a significant asking price and they wouldn’t
                              match it so then time goes by and they’re amassing more and more and eventually all
                              of that area there, a mile of real estate save for Hung Wo’s. He kept raising the
                              price of what he was asking for that and then he had passed on and his sister was
                              the one that was handling things and she got her asking price for that real estate
                              there for the Weston family to build on it. A story I will share of Harry Atagi, my
                              boat I built in ’78, as I’ve stated, I was putting in some long hours. I had a lot
                              of help from friends. The very first day that the engine was fired up I’m in heaven.
                              I’m getting close to the end of a goal. There was an aluminum hull that I had built
                              with a Volvo Penta engine in it and it was fired up that day by a Penta mechanic.
                              He departs, we went for a cruise, a few buddies and myself, came back, and I was unloading
                              some of the excess equipment and I backed up and the engine stalled. This is day one
                              and I hit Harry Atagi's boat with a corner of my boat and I took out about a ten inch
                              piece of the guard and these men’s boats were mint. They’re absolutely like new. So
                              this was late in the day. There’s nobody present. So I finish up my day, I go home,
                              and I come back the next day and I go to Harry and I told him what I had done. That
                              I hit his boat and that a ten, eleven inch piece of wood that I removed is on the
                              guard designed for that very thing, as a bumper. Without another word Harry’s gone
                              down to his boat. So I carried on with my day and was still building my boat and so
                              the next day I go to Harry and because he had repaired his boat. 
                              		
                        00:10:04.000
                        		
                        
                     	
                     WW
                        		
                        I go to Harry and I apologize because I didn’t have the opportunity the day before
                              and I offered to pay and I’m pretty humble because I know what their boats mean to
                              them. He said 
                        “No, Wilfred, that’s okay.”He goes,
“We know you’re going through some long days, you know, in the building of your boat.”And he goes,
“We know that it just was started up.”And he goes,
“Things like that happen with a brand new application, new boat.”And he goes,
“No, you don’t have to pay, Wilfred.”This is something I’ll always remember. He goes,
“Wilfred, your dad did a good job.”He was paying me a compliment in his own way. It’s something I’ll remember forever to have that respect for each other where, you know, that he felt that way about for the fact that he didn’t hold any animosity or hard feelings toward me. I went and looked at his repair job and, as usual, it was a masterful job. That’s one of my more fonder memories of being around them. That would be about it for the Atagis at the present time, I think. Yeah. I used to, I still do, I have a passion for hunting. I would go across to Shady Island at Atagi's there for night flight and do my hunting there some days for ducks, pheasants as well on the island. Those were a lot different times. It’s closed now. You can’t even go there. In the day there. Yeah, can you stop for a moment? Tape is paused.
WW
                        	00:15:00.000I have a story about Ray Hamata. He had built his own boat called the South Seas and
                              he had tied up at Atagi's. This was, possibly, thirty years ago. We were, in those
                              days our fishing ended at eight a.m. in the mornings. It started and ended at eight
                              a.m. The tide had gone bad. It had started running hard on us. I was going to quit
                              and I was just below Steveston coming back into Steveston here and I’d seen Ray who
                              was in his late seventies, possibly, at that time. He’s still actively fishing. He
                              was running back up river and he fell asleep just at the bend, we call it, just below
                              Steveston and he ran his boat up on the jetty. Now, I had a deckhand by the name of
                              Kevin that year and I ran over to lend assistance and Ray’s boat was so old it was
                              quite waterlogged. It was wood and the fact that I mention the waterlog is because
                              it wasn’t floating very high, at all. When I got along there was not much of it visible.
                              The trawling poll and the stern rollers, he was standing on the bow trying to get
                              a line onto the bow-cleat and because of his age I was concerned. The tide is running
                              hard and there’s not a lot of room for error in that situation. I evaluated it and
                              I’m trying to get Ray to come onboard my boat and he wouldn’t until I got a towline
                              on it. So realizing that was the case I said to Kevin, I go 
                        “Kevin you’re going to have to jump on there. It’s the only way Ray will get off of there. I’m worried about him having a heart attack or something.”Once he understood what we were going to do he took my hand and I pulled him on my boat. Kevin got on board and the bow-cleat is underwater so he’s trying to get a towline onto that and we drifted apart. I realized Kevin doesn’t have a lifejacket on so I went and got one, came back out with it, and I called to him. When he’d seen me with a lifejacket he had a bit of panic set in. He’d become very concerned so I threw the lifejacket to him. It took him a bit to get it zipped up. I called to him, I go
“Calm down. Get it zipped up.”He got the towline on. We started towing and the tide is building in its velocity and I had a fairly powerful engine and I’m worrying about ripping the bow-cleat right off of Ray’s boat.
00:15:00.000
                        		
                        
                     	
                     WW
                        		
                        So we get it off of the jetty. The current is sweeping us out and Ken Atagi came along.
                              He’s standing by and saying to Ray, 
                        “Ray, I don’t want to give it full power here. I’m worried about ripping that bow tow post off.”I could see we were getting swept down, what we call twelve-can. I said,
“You know, Ray, we’ve got a problem here.”
“Just give it”he said. So I bump my power up. Bill Atagi came along, threw a line to my deckhand who tied it onto the bow of my boat and then Bill was towing as well as myself. Low and behold the South Sea went around, hit twelve-can, and the current was so strong literally the whole can disappeared. The boat, can, everything just disappeared for quite a while. The top of the can came up bobbing away there and I’ll always remember Ray, he never said a word the whole time. When the boat wrapped around the can-way and disappeared all he said was
“God damn.”The other thing I can remember, we were trying to get power there and Bill Atagi’s tow rope broke and I’m looking at him because we’re in alignment and it looked like the tow rope had hit him and he got knocked down. So now I’m worried. I’m connected to the South Sea and I didn’t know if Bill was knocked out or what the deal was. He did get up. His hat was crooked, his glasses were crooked, but he waved that he was alright. So there’s nothing more I could do. I let go of the line. Ray got onto Bill’s boat and that was the beginning of a new style of fishing. Lyle Sparrel called me and he said
“There’s somebody making a flyer along the jetty down at the mouth. You better come and look”he says. Normally we would have been going in at that stage of the tide. What this individual is doing sitting more or less parallel to the jetty and scraping fish off of there and it’s quite a dangerous location to be doing that. So we fished there and this isn’t our very first time at it and fished until closing time. I go in and I deliver and I come in to Atagi's to tie up. I didn’t see Ray there. He was standing there and he’s in grief. He built that boat. It meant a lot to him to lose that. It really did. He had aspirations to refloat it and it ended up ... They got it off the can buoy and it ended up, same thing again, I wasn’t there but it was a current issue. They ended up losing it at the mouth of the Fraser and he went back again and he couldn’t locate it. It must’ve broken up but I’ll go back to when I was tying up. On the day of it initially happening I tie up mine. I come in for a landing, I haven’t even got a line on it yet, Ray walked over and he put a case of beer and a bottle of crown royal in the window and he goes
“Thank you, Wilfred.”And he walked away. It was a gesture that was, uh, significant for me because I knew where he was and his mindset and the fact that he would just remember that was significant to make that gesture to me.
EY
                        		
                        So you, um, who was Ray?
                              		
                        WW
                        		
                        Ray Hamata?
                              		
                        EY
                        		
                        Yeah, you mentioned he was a fisher. Do you know his background story?
                              		
                        WW
                        	00:20:09.000Well, his son’s still fishing. His name is Sugar. I don’t know his real name even.
                              He’s always been called Sugar. He would have been an interned individual. Sugar’s
                              a bit older than me. It’s conceivable that he could have been interned. I don’t know
                              but Ray would have been for sure; Ray Hamata. Sugar’s boat name is Magic Maker. Beyond
                              that I don’t know a lot of history. We were in each other’s lives every day at Atagi
                              boatyard, well, Pacific Coast Camp but as far as socializing, we didn’t. You know,
                              maybe lunch together but that would be it. Yeah. Another one comes to mind, may I?
                              There was a restaurant at Paramount there in Steveston and Pearl ran that restaurant.
                              I have a few stories about her but we walked in there one day with my dad and myself
                              for coffee in the beginning of the day. 
                              		
                        00:20:09.000
                        		
                        
                     	
                     WW
                        		
                        There were thirty guys in there or whatever and all of a sudden, total silence. These
                              are all fishermen. It’s quite rare when you have total silence with fishermen. Somebody
                              said 
                        “Roy, you’re supposed to be dead.”My dad said
“Not the last time I looked.”What it was is they were all commiserating about the fact that Roy E. Wilson ... My dad’s name was Roy Earl Wilson, he signed his name with his middle initial because there were problems in the fishing industry. He cautioned me to always put my middle initial in because there’s other Wilsons. There is a Wilfred Wilson in camp wherever and there was another Roy Wilson on the coast. So anyway they had this newspaper out and a Roy E. Wilson had been killed in a hunting accident. So when we walked in the door that was the reason for the silence. It was just amazing. So, yeah, that’s um, but Pearl was a fixture in the Steveston area there for quite a while. Her hearing was phenomenal. You could have fifty guys in there for lunch and there were two of them, a cook and her. Her hearing was so good when she went by you’d let her know what you wanted. She would hear you. I had a friend of mine that fished for a few years, an uncle of mine, I’d take him there for breakfast. I’d tell Grant, I go,
“You have to be quick. You place your order, Pearl will hear you.”So as she’s going by he stutters imitating Grant and he’s trying to get his word out and she kind of stopped. I go,
“Grant, you just blurt out what you want.”She goes by again and Grant muttered under his breath something about her and Pearl was already at the entrance to the kitchen. She stopped and it wasn’t the pleasantry that he uttered and she heard him. She turned and gave him this glare and I go
“Grant, you’re going to be lucky if you get served.”Eventually, she served us. While we were sitting and eventually she said to Grant and us
“What did you want?”She stopped. So this is our kind of gathering place for fishermen, at Pearl’s. One more thing about her. I’d go in one day late. She would shut down at three o’clock. I’d go in at two thirty and I’d say
“Pearl ...”I was young and I was eating a lot and I was going in there for breakfast and I started out where I’d say
“I want an extra egg.”And then the next time
“I want extra bacon.”This kept building in my portions and then one day I walk in and she goes
“Wilfred, you just get double of everything”she says. The reason I mention going in there in the afternoon, I go in one day and the board is down which means the pre-cooked luncheons are gone. I say
“I’ll have a roast beef sandwich, Pearl. Please.”She goes
“No, you won’t, Will.”She came out with this huge mound of food and it was what was left over from the lunch menu. That was my treat over the years. I would go in late and she would, because I got to know her over a lifetime, she was very generous with me for my portions, being a young lad growing up with a big appetite. I can walk in she’ll go
“Sorry, we’re sold out today. You’re out of luck. You’re going to have to have that roast beef sandwich.”She was always there for me for quite a few decades kind of thing. That’s my last one about Pearl.
EY
                        		
                        Do you know Pearl’s story? Do you know her ...
                              		
                        WW
                        		
                        No, just that she was ... No, sorry. I don’t. Other than just I see her on a daily,
                              well, not a daily basis but quite regularly. After she retired I ran into her at Lansdowne
                              Shopping Mall and she was so out of character. I’d seen her for decades in that white
                              smock that she had. She’d come up and said hi to me and I was utterly thrown. I didn’t
                              recognize her without her white smock on. So we had a brief little chat at that time
                              but, no, I’m sorry, I don’t know anything more of her other than she was very efficient
                              in running her restaurant there. 
                              		
                        EY
                        		
                        Do you know her background of where her family would have come from?
                              		
                        WW
                        		
                        No, no. Some of the older guys may ...
                              		
                        EY
                        		
                        Was she of European, or Asian, or ...
                              		
                        WW
                        		
                        I would say she would have been of European descent. Yeah. 
                              		
                        EY
                        		
                        Okay.
                              		
                        WW
                        		
                        I think that’s about it for now unless something else comes to mind. 
                              		
                        EY
                        	00:24:54.000Are there any stories that you remember your father telling you of the Japanese community?
                              		
                        00:24:54.000
                        		
                        
                     	
                     WW
                        		
                        Well, he felt it was an injustice. He felt it was wrong about them being interned.
                              There was one man that he was friends with. He had a boat called the BC Maru. He had
                              fought for Canada in the First World War. He was of Japanese descent. They tried interning
                              him during the Second World War and once it was proven that he had fought for Canada
                              in the First World War they couldn’t intern him. He was the only Japanese person that
                              I knew of that still actively fished during the Second World War. I don’t remember
                              his name. He was an elder when I was young. Another one comes to mind now. My dad
                              received his draft notice and at that time I’m pretty sure he said the draft station
                              was at Little Mountain. He was to report there to go overseas for the war effort.
                              He went to BC Packers and he said 
                        “I want you to sell my boat. I’m going overseas.”They said
“Nope, we’ll get you classified as essential to the war effort. You bring your books from the previous five years fishing, take that into the recruiting station, and we’ll have the paperwork processed for you to be classified as essential.”From that, my dad had to fish twelve months of the year and it actually was lucrative for him because, at that time, he was fishing dogfish in the winter months and vitamin E was derived from the livers and was essential for the men overseas to have those vitamins. The boats were pretty small in the day and they weren’t the best for comfort. My dad ended up developing rheumatoid arthritis and that laid him out for two years. In my own way I think my dad did pay a price for doing the work because he wouldn’t have been fishing as hard as he was where he had to fish twelve months of the year. So, um, yeah. Something else had come to mind, too, but it’s gone now during that story. Anyway, yeah.
EY
                        		
                        So you mentioned your father was very close knit to the fishing community.
                              		
                        WW
                        		
                        Was what, sorry?
                              		
                        EY
                        		
                        He was very connected to the fishing community.
                              		
                        WW
                        		
                        Yeah, we still are a pretty tight knit group on land. There’s a saying 
                        “When the lines are untied the friendships cease and the friendships don’t commence again until the lines are tied up again.”There’s some very aggressive guys and that’s where that came from. My grandfather was fishing for BC Packers and this is prior to 1929 because there was another company, Nelson Brothers I believe it was, was trying to lure my grandfather away. BC Packers caught drift of that and they offered him ten acres on Westham Island with three houses on it for $250 with the commitment that he would fish for them for the rest of his life and on a handshake he did. He fished for them his entire life. On a significant note, I did not know this, but they kept records of production and my grandfather had a career lifetime production record that got broken by another Wilson by the name of Fred and his son told me that it’s over ten years ago now that Fred broke grandpa’s record but he goes
“Your grandfather’s record will always stand because a bulk of that was by hand from the sail rowing days whereas my dad’s, the bulk of it was from engines and a drum.”So he said,
“You know, your grandpa’s record will stay intact. Now Fred has established another one in the fishing industry.”So, yeah, grandpa, like I said, on a handshake. I like that aspect of it because in today’s world there’s not much commerce done with a handshake but it was and he did honor that.
EY
                        		
                        So, earlier, you did mention that your father was against the interning of different
                              Japanese ...
                              		
                        WW
                        	00:30:08.000Yeah, because when you’re around those men throughout one’s life you develop a respect.
                              He didn’t feel that they were going to be a threat and Canada certainly did think
                              that so the effort they went through to establish themselves in the community, everything
                              was taken away, literally everything. 
                              		
                        00:30:08.000
                        		
                        
                     	
                     WW
                        		
                        There were some individuals who became quite wealthy from those assets that were seized.
                              I don’t have a lot of knowledge on that but I know that it was stated that, yeah,
                              a lot of that got resold and those individuals pocketed that themselves. They didn’t
                              get anything and, to my knowledge, when they were interned and I think when they came
                              back I don’t think they got anything either. All through their own personal hard work
                              they did so well as far as contributing to Canada’s economy and society. That’s about
                              it on that. Anyway, I think I’m about done here for the day here now, so. 
                              		
                        EY
                        		
                        Well, thank you again. This has been an interview with Wilfred Wilson in Steveston.
                              Thank you. Tape is paused.
                              		
                        WW
                        		
                        I fished the Skeena River for around thirty years. One of the most productive spots
                              was called the Glory Hole. It’s on the chart. It’s called Gregory Point. There’s some
                              rocks on the tip of this island and there’s a channel that runs along the island.
                              It creates a big back and that’s where the fish stack and there. It’s such a highly
                              desired spot. I was in there one day in the number one spot and the net I had had
                              ten weight corks on it and then every eleventh cork was orange. The reason I stated
                              that was, you’re in the back kiddy there and everybody else was still rowing by with
                              the current and you’re stationary there where I was and a spring salmon hit that was
                              taking down ten weight corks, two orange, and more weight on each side of that which
                              is a lot of flotation. It showed itself three times and it was immense. I had a deckhand
                              that was relatively green and I stated to him I said, 
                        “We’re going to get that fish. We’re going to pick up ...”I’m using a sockeye net which is very fine mesh and it’s not designed to hold spring salmon. It appeared to be tiring out and, like I said, I’d seen it three times and so I had a rather long gaff hook on top of the cabin. I got it down, I sharpened it up. I said,
“When we pick here we’re going to open the door up for somebody else to take our spot and that’s not what we desire here so we’re going to see where the lineup is above us, we’ll wait until they’re not locals and they’re not as entirely knowledgeable about the opportunity.”When I open the door up somebody could take this spot from me. So when there is four guys that came in the lineup that I knew weren’t all that efficient I said,
“Okay, we’re going to go and we’re going to go fast here now and we’re going to get that fish.”It was relatively close to the boat and I had quite a few sockeye, say fifty or sixty to remove first, get to the spot where the spring was and it was gone. Set back out again. Nobody got my set and Ozzy was this man’s name that was with me and he goes
“Wilfred, we’ve had sets with over five, six hundred sockeye”and he goes
“I can’t believe how excited you got over one fish.”I go,
“Ozzy, that just wasn’t any fish. That was probably the biggest fish of my career.”I said,
“That thing may have pushed a hundred pounds, eighty plus for sure.”That was something that I was hoping to get but he goes
“Perhaps it’ll make it to spawn here again. So it’s not a total loss.”Yeah, it was a thrill to see it. It really was.
EY
                        		
                        So that was a, um, was that a regular fishing spot for a lot of different groups?
                              		
                        WW
                        	00:35:00.000Yes, it’s highly sought after and called the Glory Hole for a reason. There was some
                              awful big production coming out of there. That bar at the mouth of the Fraser River,
                              I’ve seen this in books, it’s actually called Wilson bar. It’s Kennedy Island bar
                              on the chart but there used to be so many of us there that they called it Wilson bar.
                              An individual showed me that in a navigational book. There was something else in the
                              courier about it, it was, um, hm, I can’t recall there. 
                              		
                        00:35:00.000
                        		
                        
                     EY
                        		
                        Was this the spot your father also fished during his time?
                              		
                        WW
                        		
                        Yeah, my father and grandfather. Yeah, slack water is generally a preferred set for
                              there. There’s an eleven minute window. Three men can get in on that to stop in the
                              prime spots and it generally was my family. When I was older I used to get number
                              two set quite often. The elder got first and another cousin got the third spot. Oh,
                              I know what it was. So we were fishing there for generations so we have it pretty
                              fine-tuned. In one opening three zodiac came out from the Department of Fisheries
                              and Oceans and they boarded us and they asked, this is forty minutes into the opening,
                              and they asked if they can go look into our hatches, my hatches. I said 
                        “Go ahead.”There’s no fish in there. I had a few on the floor and I’m picking up my first set.
“How many have you got?”I said,
“I don’t know. I got fifty, sixty fish.”He goes,
“It’s pretty early in the opening.”What it was was they were checking to make sure that we weren’t poaching ahead of time is what it was. So he thought they were going to find fish in the hatch that would have been from before the opening. So he was interrupting my work so I started removing fish. I had to tow my net to miss the Glory Hole off. He divulges that they were suspect that we were poaching. I go,
“Look around here. Who do you see here? There are very few guys here. This is a dangerous part of the tide and you’re interfering with my work.”He goes,
“You’ve got an awful lot of fish so early in the opening.”I go,
“Look at me. I’m pouring in sweat here. You think there’s a reason for this?”I go,
“I’m in hustle mode here. I have to get out of here and you’re interfering. Look at my net.”As I’m towing and I’ve got a lot of it elevated out of the water and there’s fish throughout it. I go,
“Look at that. There’s a reason why we’re getting production here. This is a very good spot. Let me repeat myself. You’re interfering here.”So he jumped back into the zode and he goes, we’ve now put this to rest in my mind, and he goes
“We have no more concern about your guys’ production. We won’t bother you anymore.”That’s what he said, right. In a way it was a backhanded compliment is what they were giving us kind of thing, right? Yeah.
EY
                        		
                        And was this, um, RCMP or conservation type ...
                              		
                        WW
                        		
                        DFO enforcement. Department of Fisheries and Oceans enforcement guys. So they got
                              the most brass in the DFO. They were doing their job. They look at the tallies on
                              the weekend and they see who’s been most productive. Questions get asked why that
                              is so they had to go and try to verify for their own peace of mind, I guess, what
                              was what and that. Then again, it’s a very productive spot and, I think at that time,
                              there was only four or five of us fishing there. Sometimes there can be a lot of guys
                              but in that particular circumstance there wasn’t because of the currents at that time.
                              But I really should be ...
                              		
                        EY
                        		
                        I was just going to ask quickly, how long has the DFO been in service? Is it only
                              the last thirty years or has it been in service for sixty or seventy?
                              		
                        WW
                        		
                        No, all my career and my dad’s as well. It’s been for generations. Another one comes
                              to mind. Mouth of the Fraser River there’s a killer whale we call Blackfish. When
                              they go by they’d scare the salmon into the shallows. It was early in the year. Spring
                              salmon only present. The fish go up onto the sand boards of the Fraser so that’s common
                              knowledge so the guys will run into the shallows to set their net. I’m fishing with
                              my dad at the time and we got an immense amount of crabs. Over a hundred crabs. We’re
                              in very shallow water and you can only be there for so long. So we’re moving these
                              crabs and along comes this DFO personnel checking for licenses and my dad’s wallet
                              had receipts and licenses from years past. He hadn’t a habit of emptying it very often.
                              They had boarded to ask for our fishing licenses. Dad couldn’t find his. He found
                              three previous years’ personal fishing licenses but he couldn’t find the present year.
                              I was thirteen. The DFO guy asked me for mine. I said, 
                        “Well, I’m not of age and I’m not sixteen yet. I don’t need a personal fishing license.”So meanwhile I kept working and my dad kept looking. He had all this paper on the side looking for the present year’s license. Then the DFO guy asked me
“Well, let me see your driver’s license.”I said,
“Well, I told you, I’m not sixteen.”So I kept working there and all this and it was quite a while before my dad found his license, produces it. This fellow leaves and the next boat he goes to we knew him, Terry Bennett, and he says to him, he goes
“You see that boat over there. There’s two men on there. One man with no license, he does all the work, the guy with the license does no work.”laughs. So Terry, of course, had to come over and tell us this story. Yeah, it was, uh, and I guess maybe I might have been a little bit big for my size at thirteen which is why he thought I should’ve had a personal fishing license. But, yeah, so that’s the story of the DFO.
EY
                        		
                        Do you remember your father telling you stories about interactions between the DFO
                              and any Japanese or Japanese Canadians that were fishing?
                              		
                        WW
                        		
                        No, not so much that. They ruled with an iron fist, the DFO. It didn’t matter who
                              you were. If you’re on a line pushing it because those lines were there for a reason
                              and certain stages of the tide it’s productive to be there and it’s a thrill. You
                              can’t imagine the jostling that goes on. I guess they have it on TV a little bit but
                              to see the guys putting gear in the water at incredible speeds and bumping into each
                              other and everything like that. So, no, we were all equal in the eyes of the DFO is
                              really what it was. You’re just doing your own thing. Yup, but I think I should be
                              going now. I’ve got to go and do that ...
                              		
                        EY
                        	00:41:57.000Well, thank you again. 
                              		
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                           Title
Wilson Wilfred, interviewed by Erin Yaremko, 02 May 2016 (1 of 2)
                        Abstract
                              Wilfred begins the interview describing his career as a fisherman and boat builder in the
                              Steveston area. He talks about a Japanese-Canadian boat building family and what he
                              remembers of them and their experiences during the period of internment and dispossession.
                              Wilfred describes the Japanese-Canadian community in the area after the war in the 1960s.
                              He tells a story about an incident where he unsuccessfully attempted to help a Japanese-Canadian
                              fisherman save his boat from being destroyed by the strong tides of the sea. Wilfred remembers his father’s friend, a Japanese Canadian who fought for Canada during the
                              First World War and how he was not sent to an internment camp due to his military
                              service. Near the end of the interview Wilfred reflects on how his father felt about the internment and dispossession of Japanese
                              Canadians.
                           	
                           This oral history is from an interview conducted by the Oral History cluster of the
                              Landscapes of Injustice project.
                           Credits
Interviewer: Erin Yaremko
                           Interviewee: Wilson Wilfred
                           Transcriber: LOI Oral History Cluster
                           Encoder: Stewart Arneil
                        Publication Information: See Terms of Use for publication and licensing information.
                        Setting: 
                              
                              
                              
                              
                        Keywords: 
                              Steveston
                              ; 
                              Shuswap
                              ; 
                              Celista Internment Camp; Boat Building; Fishing; Chinese; Shady Island; First World
                              War; Military Service; Draft; Little Mountain.; 
                              1920s – 1980s
                              
                        Terminology
Readers of these historical materials will encounter derogatory references to Japanese
                           Canadians and euphemisms used to obscure the intent and impacts of the internment
                           and dispossession. While these are important realities of the history, the Landscapes
                           of Injustice Research Collective urges users to carefully consider their own terminological
                           choices in writing and speaking about this topic today as we confront past injustice.
                           See our statement on terminology, and related sources here.